Barack Obama · 告別演説

Barack Obama · 告別演説

Chicago · 2017

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My fellow Americans, Michelle and I have been so touched by all the well-wishes we've received over the past few weeks. But tonight it's my turn to say thanks. Whether we have seen eye-to-eye or rarely agreed at all, my conversations with you, the American people — in living rooms and schools; at farms and on factory floors; at diners and on distant military outposts — those conversations are what have kept me honest, kept me inspired, and kept me going. For this constitutional democracy demands our participation, not just every four years, but all the time. When the elections are over and the results are in, when the media cycle moves on, the harder work of forging consensus and fighting corruption and forging policy in a way that actually helps people — that requires all of us. Every day. We must grapple with a fundamental paradox. We are a government of, by, and for the people. Yet as a people we can be divided. Without some common baseline of facts, we lurch from one crisis to the next. So hold fast to your democratic values. Be bound up with the common good. Bear witness to our shared history, and call upon future generations to build upon it. Yes, we did. But the answer was never just about what I can do for you. It's about what we can do together.
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grapple with

We must grapple with a fundamental paradox as a nation: we are a government of, by, and for the people — yet as a people we can be divided.

意味

〜と格闘する、〜に真剣に取り組む

ニュアンス解説

困難・複雑な問題と真剣に取り組むこと。「struggle with」より知的・分析的な格闘を意味し、ニュース・政策・倫理の議論など知的な文脈で好まれる。

例文

Scientists continue to grapple with the complexity of the human brain.

イディオムC1

hold fast to

Democracy depends on something more fundamental than elections. It requires holding fast to the values of tolerance and pluralism. We must hold fast to the idea that all people are created equal.

意味

〜をしっかり守る、〜に固執する

ニュアンス解説

信念・価値観・原則を諦めずに守り続けること。「maintain」より意志の強さと困難への抵抗を含む。「fast」は「しっかりと・固く」という古語的な副詞。

例文

In difficult times, we must hold fast to our principles.

コロケーションC1

bear witness to

I have been the recipient of undeserved grace — both by articulating values that have made us the last, best hope of Earth, and by bearing witness to the endurance of the democratic ideal.

意味

〜の証人となる、〜を目撃・証言する

ニュアンス解説

歴史的・重要な出来事の目撃者・証人となること。単なる「see(見る)」より「その事実を証言する責任を負う」という重みがある。宗教的・法的な語源を持つ格調高い表現。

例文

This generation has borne witness to extraordinary change.

コロケーションC1

be bound up with

Our individual freedom is inextricably bound up with the freedom of every soul on Earth. The progress of human civilization has always been bound up with the expansion of rights.

意味

〜と密接に結びついている

ニュアンス解説

2つの事柄が切り離せないほど深く絡み合っていること。「closely connected with」より「縛られるほど強く結びついている」ニュアンスがある。アカデミックな文章や政治言語でよく使われる。

例文

National identity is often bound up with language and shared history.

句動詞C1

call upon

I am asking you to believe. Not in my ability to bring about change — but in yours. I am calling upon the citizenship skills of every American.

意味

〜に求める、〜に訴えかける、〜を呼び出す

ニュアンス解説

「ask」より公式・格式高く、特定の責任・行動を求めるニュアンス。政治・宗教・公式な文脈でよく使われる。「I call upon you to 〜」の形が定型的。

例文

The president called upon citizens to remain calm during the crisis.

句動詞C2

lurch from

Without some common baseline of facts, without a willingness to admit new information and concede that your opponent might be making a fair point, we just keep yelling past each other — lurching from one political crisis to the next.

意味

〜からよろめく、突然〜へ移動する

ニュアンス解説

制御不能なままに一つの問題から次の問題へと不安定に動くこと。「move(移動する)」より「よろめく・ふらつく」という不安定さを強調する。政治・経済の不安定な状況の描写でよく使われる。

例文

The company has been lurching from one financial crisis to the next for years.

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